{
  "dataset": "Global Import-Export Product Overview (1995-2024)",
  "description": "An HS6 product overview combining its description and classification with recent trade values, growth, price observations, trading-partner counts, and coverage indicators.",
  "coverage": "1995-2024 annual observations where available",
  "rowMeaning": "one HS6 product code",
  "includes": [
    "Product description and classification",
    "Recent trade value, growth, concentration, and volatility",
    "Price, route-risk, data-freshness, and coverage measures where available"
  ],
  "metricDefinitions": [
    "HS6 codes identify products at the six-digit Harmonized System level.",
    "CAGR is the compound annual growth rate across a multi-year period.",
    "HHI summarizes concentration; higher values indicate activity is concentrated among fewer participants.",
    "Year-over-year growth compares a value with the previous year; a negative percentage indicates a decline.",
    "Fields marked USD are monetary values denominated in US dollars.",
    "Count fields report the number of items named in the field, such as products, partners, or routes.",
    "Values ending in pct are percentages."
  ],
  "columns": [
    "hs_code",
    "hs_description",
    "hs_chapter",
    "hs_heading",
    "substitution_elasticity",
    "price_range_label",
    "trade_type_label",
    "first_data_year",
    "latest_data_year",
    "years_with_data",
    "latest_trade_usd",
    "trade_avg_3y_usd",
    "trade_avg_5y_usd",
    "trade_avg_10y_usd",
    "historical_peak_usd",
    "historical_peak_year",
    "latest_below_peak_pct",
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct",
    "cagr_3y_latest_pct",
    "cagr_5y_calculated_pct",
    "cagr_10y_calculated_pct",
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct",
    "trend_acceleration_pct",
    "trend_label",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi",
    "importer_concentration_hhi",
    "volatility_score",
    "active_importer_count",
    "active_exporter_count",
    "active_corridor_count",
    "latest_price_year",
    "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton",
    "priced_exporter_count",
    "monitored_risk_lane_count",
    "watch_lane_count",
    "high_attention_lane_count",
    "critical_attention_lane_count",
    "data_freshness_years",
    "coverage_score",
    "confidence_label",
    "data_status",
    "refreshed_at"
  ],
  "columnTypes": {
    "hs_code": "string",
    "hs_description": "string",
    "hs_chapter": "string",
    "hs_heading": "string",
    "substitution_elasticity": "float64",
    "price_range_label": "string",
    "trade_type_label": "string",
    "first_data_year": "uint16",
    "latest_data_year": "uint16",
    "years_with_data": "uint16",
    "latest_trade_usd": "float64",
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": "float64",
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": "float64",
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": "float64",
    "historical_peak_usd": "float64",
    "historical_peak_year": "uint16",
    "latest_below_peak_pct": "float64",
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": "float64",
    "cagr_3y_latest_pct": "float64",
    "cagr_5y_calculated_pct": "float64",
    "cagr_10y_calculated_pct": "float64",
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": "float64",
    "trend_acceleration_pct": "float64",
    "trend_label": "string",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": "float64",
    "importer_concentration_hhi": "float64",
    "volatility_score": "float64",
    "active_importer_count": "uint16",
    "active_exporter_count": "uint16",
    "active_corridor_count": "uint32",
    "latest_price_year": "uint16",
    "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton": "float64",
    "priced_exporter_count": "uint16",
    "monitored_risk_lane_count": "uint32",
    "watch_lane_count": "uint32",
    "high_attention_lane_count": "uint32",
    "critical_attention_lane_count": "uint32",
    "data_freshness_years": "uint8",
    "coverage_score": "float64",
    "confidence_label": "string",
    "data_status": "string",
    "refreshed_at": "timestamp[ms, tz=UTC]"
  },
  "rows": [
    {
      "hs_code": "010121",
      "hs_description": "Horses: live, pure-bred breeding animals",
      "hs_chapter": "01",
      "hs_heading": "0101",
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null,
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "latest_trade_usd": 1523895674.9731417,
      "trade_avg_3y_usd": 1501563785.7030804,
      "trade_avg_5y_usd": 1469100741.4412127,
      "trade_avg_10y_usd": 1445244087.0445385,
      "historical_peak_usd": 1523895674.9731417,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 3.40329933813448,
      "cagr_3y_latest_pct": 0.8889514842875812,
      "cagr_5y_calculated_pct": 1.171461547067576,
      "cagr_10y_calculated_pct": 0.679460676976551,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.2094908073110302,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1707.7040454455198,
      "importer_concentration_hhi": 1643.489279327472,
      "volatility_score": 1.387954312997559,
      "active_importer_count": 139,
      "active_exporter_count": 113,
      "active_corridor_count": 1056,
      "latest_price_year": 2023,
      "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton": 11312.578786528298,
      "priced_exporter_count": 138,
      "monitored_risk_lane_count": 350,
      "watch_lane_count": 264,
      "high_attention_lane_count": 60,
      "critical_attention_lane_count": 6,
      "data_freshness_years": 0,
      "coverage_score": 100,
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "data_status": "Current",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20T09:33:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "010129",
      "hs_description": "Horses: live, other than pure-bred breeding animals",
      "hs_chapter": "01",
      "hs_heading": "0101",
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null,
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "latest_trade_usd": 2254561886.883364,
      "trade_avg_3y_usd": 2143139358.5324242,
      "trade_avg_5y_usd": 2054207706.2532387,
      "trade_avg_10y_usd": 1744538612.718079,
      "historical_peak_usd": 2254561886.883364,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 6.509826501318106,
      "cagr_3y_latest_pct": 1.9320932925144696,
      "cagr_5y_calculated_pct": 4.170853714201517,
      "cagr_10y_calculated_pct": 6.329583576681386,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.397490284166916,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1227.5834564294469,
      "importer_concentration_hhi": 1845.2911051019478,
      "volatility_score": 3.8424106036539527,
      "active_importer_count": 148,
      "active_exporter_count": 123,
      "active_corridor_count": 1309,
      "latest_price_year": 2023,
      "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton": 10662.857142857143,
      "priced_exporter_count": 143,
      "monitored_risk_lane_count": 427,
      "watch_lane_count": 323,
      "high_attention_lane_count": 62,
      "critical_attention_lane_count": 4,
      "data_freshness_years": 0,
      "coverage_score": 100,
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "data_status": "Current",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20T09:33:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "010130",
      "hs_description": "Asses: live",
      "hs_chapter": "01",
      "hs_heading": "0101",
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null,
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "latest_trade_usd": 1376103.340473345,
      "trade_avg_3y_usd": 1315827.9596370093,
      "trade_avg_5y_usd": 1739263.1223814387,
      "trade_avg_10y_usd": 2783032.5329777775,
      "historical_peak_usd": 5234753.924847624,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 73.71216755879502,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 6.030253388027784,
      "cagr_3y_latest_pct": -2.8676872765959427,
      "cagr_5y_calculated_pct": -16.06230495371991,
      "cagr_10y_calculated_pct": -11.184450249908352,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 8.316762973312409,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1337.9601282399728,
      "importer_concentration_hhi": 1160.9309146352566,
      "volatility_score": 3.3256960607803503,
      "active_importer_count": 62,
      "active_exporter_count": 53,
      "active_corridor_count": 129,
      "latest_price_year": 2023,
      "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton": 4000,
      "priced_exporter_count": 67,
      "monitored_risk_lane_count": 0,
      "watch_lane_count": 0,
      "high_attention_lane_count": 0,
      "critical_attention_lane_count": 0,
      "data_freshness_years": 0,
      "coverage_score": 87.4,
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "data_status": "Current",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20T09:33:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "010190",
      "hs_description": "Mules and hinnies: live",
      "hs_chapter": "01",
      "hs_heading": "0101",
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null,
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "latest_trade_usd": 14234251.900330128,
      "trade_avg_3y_usd": 16223932.773839844,
      "trade_avg_5y_usd": 19911984.993689764,
      "trade_avg_10y_usd": 20722290.96959289,
      "historical_peak_usd": 47738733.30834557,
      "historical_peak_year": 2012,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 70.18301300876425,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -31.223878913645308,
      "cagr_3y_latest_pct": -20.538799912297655,
      "cagr_5y_calculated_pct": -7.110652476896773,
      "cagr_10y_calculated_pct": -5.312510992725672,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -15.226288919571983,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "exporter_concentration_hhi": 2627.680473668587,
      "importer_concentration_hhi": 1242.7066591401674,
      "volatility_score": 19.53279719409772,
      "active_importer_count": 104,
      "active_exporter_count": 69,
      "active_corridor_count": 304,
      "latest_price_year": 2023,
      "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton": 2682.9268292682927,
      "priced_exporter_count": 107,
      "monitored_risk_lane_count": 0,
      "watch_lane_count": 0,
      "high_attention_lane_count": 0,
      "critical_attention_lane_count": 0,
      "data_freshness_years": 0,
      "coverage_score": 95,
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "data_status": "Current",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20T09:33:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "010221",
      "hs_description": "Cattle: live, pure-bred breeding animals",
      "hs_chapter": "01",
      "hs_heading": "0102",
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null,
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "latest_trade_usd": 1131039171.6236951,
      "trade_avg_3y_usd": 1234287992.0440905,
      "trade_avg_5y_usd": 1261992465.4121253,
      "trade_avg_10y_usd": 1233824122.523793,
      "historical_peak_usd": 1552842650.4124951,
      "historical_peak_year": 2012,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 27.163311020389138,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -8.043192167165003,
      "cagr_3y_latest_pct": -5.549187978845271,
      "cagr_5y_calculated_pct": -1.6965651673657711,
      "cagr_10y_calculated_pct": -2.3442408107234414,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -3.20494716812183,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "exporter_concentration_hhi": 695.6024415566101,
      "importer_concentration_hhi": 823.8841905102038,
      "volatility_score": 6.977317803017972,
      "active_importer_count": 143,
      "active_exporter_count": 98,
      "active_corridor_count": 714,
      "latest_price_year": 2023,
      "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton": 3563.0940598443676,
      "priced_exporter_count": 118,
      "monitored_risk_lane_count": 327,
      "watch_lane_count": 252,
      "high_attention_lane_count": 48,
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      "data_freshness_years": 0,
      "coverage_score": 100,
      "confidence_label": "High",
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20T09:33:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "010229",
      "hs_description": "Cattle: live, other than pure-bred breeding animals",
      "hs_chapter": "01",
      "hs_heading": "0102",
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null,
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
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      "latest_trade_usd": 9896550389.840607,
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      "cagr_3y_latest_pct": 9.164949908469943,
      "cagr_5y_calculated_pct": 5.3365844990815425,
      "cagr_10y_calculated_pct": 3.3330168694819973,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.831933038987946,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "exporter_concentration_hhi": 951.20565263869,
      "importer_concentration_hhi": 1334.3478788178595,
      "volatility_score": 10.152451488790534,
      "active_importer_count": 137,
      "active_exporter_count": 116,
      "active_corridor_count": 739,
      "latest_price_year": 2023,
      "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton": 2742.380877527059,
      "priced_exporter_count": 134,
      "monitored_risk_lane_count": 704,
      "watch_lane_count": 449,
      "high_attention_lane_count": 205,
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      "data_freshness_years": 0,
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      "confidence_label": "High",
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20T09:33:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "010231",
      "hs_description": "Buffalo: live, pure-bred breeding animals",
      "hs_chapter": "01",
      "hs_heading": "0102",
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      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null,
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
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      "latest_trade_usd": 27466432.409142517,
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      "trade_avg_5y_usd": 23592078.341727905,
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      "latest_below_peak_pct": 53.06486563309649,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 27.455187896504608,
      "cagr_3y_latest_pct": -6.777584786958113,
      "cagr_5y_calculated_pct": -14.039365377409608,
      "cagr_10y_calculated_pct": 12.04988384952268,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -18.82746863648079,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "exporter_concentration_hhi": 6405.745272656313,
      "importer_concentration_hhi": 5663.225350107731,
      "volatility_score": 35.88498323487127,
      "active_importer_count": 39,
      "active_exporter_count": 34,
      "active_corridor_count": 65,
      "latest_price_year": 2023,
      "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton": 3189.1111111111113,
      "priced_exporter_count": 48,
      "monitored_risk_lane_count": 13,
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      "high_attention_lane_count": 1,
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      "data_freshness_years": 0,
      "coverage_score": 87.8,
      "confidence_label": "High",
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20T09:33:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "010239",
      "hs_description": "Buffalo: live, other than pure-bred breeding animals",
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      "hs_heading": "0102",
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      "volatility_score": 7.225340918637819,
      "active_importer_count": 53,
      "active_exporter_count": 43,
      "active_corridor_count": 95,
      "latest_price_year": 2023,
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      "confidence_label": "High",
      "data_status": "Current",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20T09:33:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "010290",
      "hs_description": "Bovine animals: live, other than pure-bred breeding animals",
      "hs_chapter": "01",
      "hs_heading": "0102",
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      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade",
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      "latest_data_year": 2024,
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      "trade_avg_5y_usd": 672338797.1680015,
      "trade_avg_10y_usd": 705650846.4942038,
      "historical_peak_usd": 1315897539.55561,
      "historical_peak_year": 2013,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 53.467851479504546,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 12.366250608488926,
      "cagr_3y_latest_pct": -3.0197700063399946,
      "cagr_5y_calculated_pct": 2.6436023194431835,
      "cagr_10y_calculated_pct": -6.490007732138214,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.4702377257982198,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1050.2420824605585,
      "importer_concentration_hhi": 1332.871995697115,
      "volatility_score": 8.98981184221823,
      "active_importer_count": 101,
      "active_exporter_count": 97,
      "active_corridor_count": 319,
      "latest_price_year": 2023,
      "median_price_across_exporters_usd_per_ton": 3095.0797298035304,
      "priced_exporter_count": 108,
      "monitored_risk_lane_count": 151,
      "watch_lane_count": 95,
      "high_attention_lane_count": 51,
      "critical_attention_lane_count": 5,
      "data_freshness_years": 0,
      "coverage_score": 100,
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "data_status": "Current",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20T09:33:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "010310",
      "hs_description": "Swine: live, pure-bred breeding animals",
      "hs_chapter": "01",
      "hs_heading": "0103",
      "substitution_elasticity": -9.1606398,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
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